Leave, Left - Vine's Expository Dictionary of New Testament Words
Leave, Left
*(a) In the sense of leaving, abandoning, forsaking.
[ 1,,G863, aphiemi ]
apo, from," and hiemi, "to send," has three chief meanings,
(a) "to send forth, let go, forgive;"
(b) "to let, suffer, permit;"
(c) "to leave, leave alone, forsake, neglect." It is translated by the verb "to leave"
(c), in Matthew 4:11; Matthew 4:20, Matthew 4:22, and parallel passages; Matthew 5:24; Matthew 8:15, and parallel passages; Matthew 8:22, RV, "leave (the dead)," AV, "let," and the parallel passage; Matthew 13:36, RV, "left" (the multitude)," AV, "sent ... away;" Matthew 18:12; Matthew 19:27, and parallel passages, RV, "we have left" (AV, "we have forsaken"); so Matthew 19:29; Matthew 22:22, Matthew 22:25; Matthew 23:23, RV, "have left undone" (AV, "have omitted," in the 1st part, "leave undone" in the second); Matthew 23:38, and the parallel passage; Matthew 24:2, Matthew 24:40-Matthew 24:41, and parallel passages; Matthew 26:56, RV, "left;" Mark 1:18, "left;" Mark 1:31; Mark 7:8, RV, "ye leave;" Mark 8:13; Mark 10:28-Mark 10:29; Mark 12:12, Mark 12:19-Mark 12:22; Mark 13:34; Luke 10:30; Luke 11:42 (in some mss.); Luke 12:39, RV "have left," AV "have suffered" (No. 9 in Matthew 24:43); John 4:3, John 4:28, John 4:52; John 8:29; John 10:12; John 14:18, John 14:27; John 16:28, John 16:32; Romans 1:27; 1 Corinthians 7:11, RV, "leave" (AV "put away"); John 7:13 (AV and RV); Hebrews 2:8; Hebrews 6:1; Revelation 2:4. See FORGIVE.
[ 2,,G447, aniemi ]
ana, "back" and hiemi, "to send," denotes "to let go, loosen, forbear;" it is translated "I will (never) leave (thee)" in Hebrews 13:5. See FORBEAR.
[ 3,,G2641, kataleipo ]
"to leave behind" (kata, "down," leipo, "to leave"), is everywhere rendered by the verb "to leave" except in the following: the AV of Romans 11:4, "I have reserved" (RV, "I have left"); Hebrews 11:27, "he forsook;" 2 Peter 2:15, AV, "have forsaken," RV, "forsaking." See FORSAKE, RESERVE.
[ 4,,G620, apoleipo ]
"to leave behind" (apo, "from") is used
(a) in the Active Voice, of "leaving" behind a cloak, 2 Timothy 4:13; a person, 2 Timothy 4:20; of "abandoning" a principality (by angels), Jude 1:6, RV;
(b) in the Passive Voice, "to be reserved, to remain," Hebrews 4:6, Hebrews 4:9; Hebrews 10:26. See REMAIN, No. 3. In the papyri it is used as a technical term in wills (Moulton and Milligan, Vocab.).
[ 5,,G1459, enkataleipo ]
lit., "to leave behind in" (en, "in," and No. 3), signifies
(a) "to leave behind," Romans 9:29, "a seed;"
(b) "to abandon, forsake," translated by the verb "to leave" in Acts 2:27, Acts 2:31 (in some mss., No. 3) of the soul of Christ; in the following by the verb "to forsake," Matthew 27:46; Mark 15:34; 2 Corinthians 4:9; 2 Timothy 4:10, 2 Timothy 4:16; Hebrews 10:25; Hebrews 13:5 (See No. 2 in the same verse). See FORSAKE.
[ 6,,G5275, hupoleipo ]
"to leave remaining;" lit., "to leave under" (hupo), is used in the Passive Voice in Romans 11:3, of a survivor.
[ 7,,G4035, perileipo ]
"to leave over," is used in the Passive Voice in 1 Thessalonians 4:15, 1 Thessalonians 4:17, RV, "that are left" (AV, "that remain"), lit., "left over," i.e., the living believers at the Lord's return. See REMAIN.
[ 8,,G3973, pauo ]
"to make to cease," is used in the Middle Voice, signifying "to cease, leave off," and is translated "had left" in Luke 5:4; "left" in Acts 21:32; elsewhere, "to cease." See CEASE.
[ 9,,G1439, eao ]
signifies
(a) "to let, permit, suffer," e.g., Matthew 24:43;
(b) "to leave," Acts 23:32, of "leaving" horsemen; Acts 27:40, of "leaving" anchors in the sea, RV [AV, "committed (themselves)"]. See COMMIT, SUFFER.
[ 10,,G5277, hupolimpano ]
limpano being a late form for leipo, "to leave," is used in 1 Peter 2:21, "leaving (us an example)."
[ 11,,G4052, perisseuo ]
"to be over and above" (the number), hence, "to be or remain over," is translated "was left," in Matthew 15:37, AV (RV, "remained over," as in Matthew 14:20; Luke 9:17; John 6:12-John 6:13, where the AV adds "and above"), of the broken fragments after the feeding of the multitudes. See ABOUND.
Note: The corresponding noun, perisseuma, "that which is over and above," is used in the plural in Mark 8:8, RV, "(of broken pieces) that remained over," AV, "(of the broken meat) that was left," lit., "of fragments of broken pieces." See REMAIN.
[ 12,,G1544, ekballo ]
"to cast out" (ek, "from," ballo, "to cast"), "to drive out," is used in the sense of "rejecting" or "leaving out," in Revelation 11:2, as to the measuring of the court of the Temple (marg., "cast without"). See CAST, No. 5.
*
(b) In the sense of giving leave.
[ 13,,G2010, epitrepo ]
lit. denotes "to turn to" (epi, "upon, to," trepo, "to turn"), and so
(a) "to commit, entrust" (not in NT);
(b) "to permit, give leave, send," of Christ's permission to the unclean spirits to enter the swine, Mark 5:13; in Luke 8:32, RV, "give ... leave," "gave ... leave" (AV, "suffer" and "suffered"); in John 19:38, of Pilate's permission to Joseph to take away the body of the Lord; in Acts 21:39, of Paul's request to the chief captain to permit him to address the people, RV, "give ... leave" (for AV, "suffer"); in Acts 21:40, "he had given him leave" (AV, "... licence"). See LET, LIBERTY, LICENCE, PERMIT, SUFFER.
*
(c) In the sense of taking leave of, bidding farewell to.
[ 14,,G657, apotasso ]
used in the Middle Voice in the NT, lit. signifies "to arrange oneself off" (apo, "from," tasso, "to arrange"); hence, "to take leave of," Mark 6:46, RV, "had taken leave of" (AV, "had sent ... away"); Acts 18:18; Acts 18:21, RV, "taking his leave of" (AV, "bade ... farewell"); 2 Corinthians 2:13; in Luke 9:61, "to bid farewell;" in Luke 14:33 it has its other meaning "renouncing" (AV, "forsaking"). See FAREWELL, FORSAKE, RENOUNCE.
[ 15,,G782, apaspazomai ]
"to embrace, salute, take leave of" (apo "from," aspazomai, "to salute"), is used in Acts 21:6, AV, "when we had taken our leave" (RV, "bade ... farewell"). Some mss. have the simple verb aspazomai.